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  1. Galleries
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  4. » German hyperinflation

 
German hyperinflation...

Un salto nel passato

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German hyperinflation sent on February 02, 2019 (15:13) by Rinaldo1005. 64 comments, 1779 views. [retina]

, 1.3 sec f/11.0, ISO 100, tripod.

L'iperinflazione dopo la la prima guerra mondiale fu dovuta sopratutto al pagamento dei debiti di guerra imposti dagli alleati tramite Il Trattato di Versailles del 1919. Analizzo qui, solo la parte che tratta la tariffa postale. Per l'interno della Germania, era di tre marchi il 1° luglio 1922, passò a 80 miliardi di marchi il 26 novembre dell'anno successivo. Per adeguarsi a tali cambiamenti l'amministrazione postale fu costretta a continuare a emettere nuovi francobolli con facciali sempre più elevati. Il 1° luglio 1922 gli esemplari col più alto facciale erano fermi ai 20 marchi. Nell'ottobre successivo si arrivò al primo francobollo da cento marchi; ma nel successivo gennaio apparve un pezzo da mille marchi che diventarono 10mila nel settembre. Da quel momento la situazione precipitò sempre più. All'inizio del settembre si arrivò ai 100mila marchi. All'inizio del mese di ottobre si toccò il milione, ma due settimane dopo ecco i 10 milioni che diventarono cento il 1° novembre e, addirittura, un miliardo tre giorni dopo. Infine, il 12 novembre si toccarono i 10 miliardi e il 22 dello stesso mese i 50 miliardi. Qui in questo mio scatto (niente di speciale ma che posto perchè la fotografia deve essere anche mezzo di informazione) effettuato nel Stadtmuseum di Erlangen in Baviera, viene rappresentata la tariffa postale per le cartoline che passò da 5 centesimi di Marchi del 1920 a 10 Miliardi di Marchi nel dicembre del 1923. Come noterete, durante la grande inflazione, le Poste, a partire dall'agosto 1923, per adeguarsi al continuo cambiamento delle tariffe, cominciarono a emettere numerosi esemplari con soprastampe che avevano sempre lo scopo di aumentarne il valore facciale. Nel 1923, il sistema monetario era spontaneamente arrivato all'assurdo per cui, se si voleva conservare un'economia monetaria efficiente, si doveva creare una nuova moneta prendendo come riferimento i beni reali per consentire la conversione del nuovo denaro in valori diversi dall'oro. Nell'ottobre 1923 venne creata la Rentenbank con un capitale garantito per metà dall'agricoltura (attraverso debiti ipotecari) e per metà dalle banche, dalle industrie e dal commercio (mediante obbligazioni). Il 20 novembre il rapporto Rentenmark / Marco carta fu fissato in uno a mille miliardi. L'inizio del 1924, quindi, rappresentò per i tedeschi la fine di un incubo. Purtroppo, non potevano sapere che proprio in quei giorni un giovane, arrestato nel novembre, stava scrivendo in carcere un libro per presentare al mondo le sue idee e, soprattutto, stava per entrare in pieno nella vita politica del Paese. Quel libro si intitolava “Mein Kampf” e quel giovane si chiamava Adolf Hitler. Lascio a voi immaginare che questa persona trovò un terreno fertilissimo alle sue idee. Un Paese all'orlo del baratro con una disoccupazione elevatissima. I posti di lavoro creati nell'edilizia, nella costruzione delle strade e dell'industria bellica portarono pane e sollievo nella popolazione. I bambini aiutavano gli anziani, mense per i poveri, un senso di vivere in famglia attorno a un focolare. Fu così che Mamma, Papà, Hans, Franz e Fritz divennero membri di partito e della gioventù Hitleriana. Purtroppo questo spirito di comunità aveva un ben altro fine dall'aspetto molto meno nobile. La seconda guerra mondiale e l'olocausto. #Storia #Emozioni #Musei Commenti e critiche costruttive sono sempre benvenuti. Tutte le foto contenute in queste gallerie sono copyright ©Rinaldo e non possono essere utilizzate in alcuna forma senza il consenso dell'autore.



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avatarsenior
sent on February 02, 2019 (20:23) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

What extraordinary documents! The caption is very interesting and the image really fantastic! As always a wonderful job, sincere compliments.
Hello, good Sunday
Sefania :-)

avatarsupporter
sent on February 02, 2019 (21:37)

Wonderful document and moment...my friend..Rinaldo...great shot....super compo....bye Jean...good weekend..Sorriso

avatarsupporter
sent on February 02, 2019 (21:57) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Entering the history of Germany in the post-war period of the 1st World Wars, means analyzing the causes that led to its collapse socio/economic and political. Strangled by the conditions imposed by the victors and by a political class Inetta, the German people found themselves facing an untenable situation. In This dramatic context, the escalation of National socialism found fertile ground. Radical ideology, populist, racist and totalitarian, with all the dramatic consequences that stemed and that even the most unwary know. I am delighted with you for the effectiveness in reiterating this historical passage with an image that symbolically represents that tragic historical passage. Nice work too.
Bye Josh ;-)

avatarsenior
sent on February 02, 2019 (22:14) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Excellent document is caption, Bravo and congratulations Rinaldo.
Hello Carlo

avatarsupporter
sent on February 02, 2019 (22:23) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Always accurate and interesting your documentations!
Congratulations Rinaldo...
Hello and good Sunday!
Simone

avatarsupporter
sent on February 02, 2019 (23:47) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Really a very interesting document as is the caption.
Congratulations, bye!
Sergio ;-) :-P

avatarsupporter
sent on February 03, 2019 (8:00)

Must be very valuable collection, compliments.

avatarsupporter
sent on February 03, 2019 (8:29) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Congratulations, Rinaldo, for the excellent photo/document and for its caption that I read with much interest. Hello.

avatarjunior
sent on February 03, 2019 (9:08) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Very interesting congratulations for the shot.

avatarsupporter
sent on February 03, 2019 (11:32)

Excellent document! Congrats
Ciao
Brian

avatarjunior
sent on February 03, 2019 (12:30) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Cmq very interesting...... my curiosity but where Lai took this beautiful document this is history congratulations.

avatarsenior
sent on February 03, 2019 (17:06) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)


avatarsenior
sent on February 03, 2019 (17:32) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)


avatarsenior
sent on February 03, 2019 (17:43) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)


avatarsenior
sent on February 03, 2019 (19:18) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Document and click of considerable historical interest, I knew the dramatic inflation in Germany of that time but I had not deepened the philatelic aspect of the drama.
Sincere congratulations and thanks.
Roberto

avatarsupporter
sent on February 03, 2019 (19:32) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Even to what you cite, dear Rinaldo, is repetitive history, but you can start from a few centuries earlier.
How not to think, to Philip IV of France (Philip "The Beautiful") that began with the Jews (it seems that the hunt for the Jew is an ancient sport) depredating them of all to have, continued eliminating all the Templars (historical on the night of October 13, 1307) founders of the first Banking system and of which he was indebted to enormous sums provided to him, and made his masterpiece by appointing himself first head of the church French and, therefore, bringing the Papacy (obviously submissive) to the captive Avignonese.
still an appreciation for how you propose, congratulations.
Paolo

avatarsupporter
sent on February 03, 2019 (20:56) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Congratulations Rinaldo, are quite recent realities that have always repeated in history. Today we have so much information that we can make a pretty accurate picture of what happened and, unfortunately, we must take note of how much the man is beast. Those who lived the events of that time had biased, misleading and illusory information. But all the history that has been handed down to us from the time of the Romans contains half truths and false resounding, due to the fact that the documents were written by "appointees" of the regime. In This sense the church also told the "its" version of the story. I am more and more aware that what they have taught me from elementary school is only partially true. Too bad.
A dear greeting and congratulations for the photo and interesting explanations.
Renato

avatarsupporter
sent on February 03, 2019 (23:24) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

An excellent document of a sad moment in European history that I know well, was one of the topics on which as a teacher I dwell more, the image I chose to make understand this phenomenon was the photo of someone pushing a wheelbarrow full of Paper-Money.
The photo is performed very well and precise and exhaustive caption, congratulations Rinaldo!
A greeting Agata ;-)

user28555
avatar
sent on February 03, 2019 (23:57) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Otimo document and always beautiful works documented and supported beyond the images of historical value, also from pertinent and in-depth information to support and better understand the "quantum" expressive of the photo: really great and interesting work done ;-) ; Congratulations Nrinaldo, never trivial photos: Congratulations to you.
A dear greeting, Claudio :-P

avatarjunior
sent on February 04, 2019 (11:48) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)



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