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  1. Galleries
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  4. » German hyperinflation

 
German hyperinflation...

Un salto nel passato

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German hyperinflation sent on February 02, 2019 (15:13) by Rinaldo1005. 64 comments, 2014 views. [retina]

, 1.3 sec f/11.0, ISO 100, tripod.

L'iperinflazione dopo la la prima guerra mondiale fu dovuta sopratutto al pagamento dei debiti di guerra imposti dagli alleati tramite Il Trattato di Versailles del 1919. Analizzo qui, solo la parte che tratta la tariffa postale. Per l'interno della Germania, era di tre marchi il 1° luglio 1922, passò a 80 miliardi di marchi il 26 novembre dell'anno successivo. Per adeguarsi a tali cambiamenti l'amministrazione postale fu costretta a continuare a emettere nuovi francobolli con facciali sempre più elevati. Il 1° luglio 1922 gli esemplari col più alto facciale erano fermi ai 20 marchi. Nell'ottobre successivo si arrivò al primo francobollo da cento marchi; ma nel successivo gennaio apparve un pezzo da mille marchi che diventarono 10mila nel settembre. Da quel momento la situazione precipitò sempre più. All'inizio del settembre si arrivò ai 100mila marchi. All'inizio del mese di ottobre si toccò il milione, ma due settimane dopo ecco i 10 milioni che diventarono cento il 1° novembre e, addirittura, un miliardo tre giorni dopo. Infine, il 12 novembre si toccarono i 10 miliardi e il 22 dello stesso mese i 50 miliardi. Qui in questo mio scatto (niente di speciale ma che posto perchè la fotografia deve essere anche mezzo di informazione) effettuato nel Stadtmuseum di Erlangen in Baviera, viene rappresentata la tariffa postale per le cartoline che passò da 5 centesimi di Marchi del 1920 a 10 Miliardi di Marchi nel dicembre del 1923. Come noterete, durante la grande inflazione, le Poste, a partire dall'agosto 1923, per adeguarsi al continuo cambiamento delle tariffe, cominciarono a emettere numerosi esemplari con soprastampe che avevano sempre lo scopo di aumentarne il valore facciale. Nel 1923, il sistema monetario era spontaneamente arrivato all'assurdo per cui, se si voleva conservare un'economia monetaria efficiente, si doveva creare una nuova moneta prendendo come riferimento i beni reali per consentire la conversione del nuovo denaro in valori diversi dall'oro. Nell'ottobre 1923 venne creata la Rentenbank con un capitale garantito per metà dall'agricoltura (attraverso debiti ipotecari) e per metà dalle banche, dalle industrie e dal commercio (mediante obbligazioni). Il 20 novembre il rapporto Rentenmark / Marco carta fu fissato in uno a mille miliardi. L'inizio del 1924, quindi, rappresentò per i tedeschi la fine di un incubo. Purtroppo, non potevano sapere che proprio in quei giorni un giovane, arrestato nel novembre, stava scrivendo in carcere un libro per presentare al mondo le sue idee e, soprattutto, stava per entrare in pieno nella vita politica del Paese. Quel libro si intitolava “Mein Kampf” e quel giovane si chiamava Adolf Hitler. Lascio a voi immaginare che questa persona trovò un terreno fertilissimo alle sue idee. Un Paese all'orlo del baratro con una disoccupazione elevatissima. I posti di lavoro creati nell'edilizia, nella costruzione delle strade e dell'industria bellica portarono pane e sollievo nella popolazione. I bambini aiutavano gli anziani, mense per i poveri, un senso di vivere in famglia attorno a un focolare. Fu così che Mamma, Papà, Hans, Franz e Fritz divennero membri di partito e della gioventù Hitleriana. Purtroppo questo spirito di comunità aveva un ben altro fine dall'aspetto molto meno nobile. La seconda guerra mondiale e l'olocausto. #Storia #Emozioni #Musei Commenti e critiche costruttive sono sempre benvenuti. Tutte le foto contenute in queste gallerie sono copyright ©Rinaldo e non possono essere utilizzate in alcuna forma senza il consenso dell'autore.



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avatarsenior
sent on February 05, 2019 (12:34) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)


avatarsenior
sent on February 06, 2019 (18:42) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Very interesting the caption that accompanies your shot, incredible inflation from one day to the next. Congratulations on the document you have proposed.
Hello Andrea

avatarsupporter
sent on February 06, 2019 (19:42) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

I agree Rinaldo, the populist drift is alarming, and what is worse at the level of governance than CE I see no characters (for now) to the height. Hello and the next.
Gios ;-)

user62049
avatar
sent on February 06, 2019 (21:41) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

A photo-document informing us all of what it was.
well composed in the original natural cut and colors, congratulations Rinaldo
Hello Mark

avatarsenior
sent on February 06, 2019 (21:54) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)


avatarsenior
sent on February 07, 2019 (20:27) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Nice document, very interesting caption!!
Hello, Valerio

avatarsenior
sent on February 07, 2019 (21:30) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Quotas Nice document, very interesting caption!! /QUOTE Thanks Valerio 8-)

avatarsupporter
sent on February 11, 2019 (14:20) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Interesting caption and document
Congratulations Rinaldo
A greeting
Mauro :-P

avatarsenior
sent on February 12, 2019 (12:24) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Quotas Interesting caption and document
Congratulations Rinaldo Thanks Mauro ;-)

avatarsenior
sent on February 14, 2019 (11:02) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

An essay of history well told and represented.
your sensitivity in disseminating these topics is your honor, hoping that they will be transpoed to the right measure so that
certain historical periods have never more to repeat!!!
Sincere Congratulations Rinaldo
Hello, Livio

avatarsenior
sent on February 14, 2019 (12:26) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Quotas An essay of history well told and represented.
your sensitivity in disseminating these topics is your honor, hoping that they will be transpoed to the right measure so that
certain historical periods have never more to repeat!!!
Sincere Congratulations Rinaldo
Thanks Livy, but I fear that your words will pass unheard. They are rowing in the opposite direction by oppressing the peoples of Europe.

avatarsenior
sent on February 25, 2019 (18:52) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Beautiful even this photo of yours, from which there is something to learn. I love this kind of photo, suitable for the curious and always inviting.
Bravo, Hello Francis

avatarsupporter
sent on February 27, 2019 (12:29) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

A very interesting shooting, like the caption, thank you for sharing
Claudio C

avatarsenior
sent on March 02, 2019 (15:02) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Great work Rinaldo, very interesting document and you are good, as always!
Hello :-)
Roberto

avatarsenior
sent on March 02, 2019 (16:50) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Quotas Beautiful even this photo of yours, from which there is something to learn. I love this kind of photo, suitable for the curious and always inviting. /QUOTE Thanks Francis :-P
A very interesting shot, like the caption, thanks for sharing it
thanks to you for having appreciated it 8-)
great work Rinaldo, very interesting document and you're good, as always! /QUOTE Thank you Roberto, happy to read you 8-)


avatarsupporter
sent on March 07, 2019 (12:34) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Great photo-document, accompanied by a comprehensive caption that fills many gaps and takes away many doubts. I think this is the right way to tell the story, without the hagiographies and complacents of some historians. Sincere compliments, dear friend!
An affectionate greeting
Annamaria

avatarsenior
sent on March 22, 2019 (12:35) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

QUOTAS Great Photo-document, accompanied by a comprehensive caption that fills many gaps and takes away many doubts. I Think this is the right way to tell the story, without the hagiographies and complacents of some historians. Sincere compliments, dear friend! /QUOTE Thanks Annamaria, happy with your appreciation :-P

avatarsenior
sent on March 22, 2019 (18:00) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Beautiful image, nice document to remember the Times past, congratulations!!!!!!!!

A goodbye and Happy weekend Bruno

avatarsenior
sent on April 03, 2019 (22:47) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

I have to congratulate Rinaldo, your publications are always very interesting from a photographic point of view and historical/artistic.
Unfortunately The mode is always to make it pay dearly to the loser on duty giving space to hatreds and cravings of revenge in a circle without end, a loop from where it does not come out.
A greeting
Pierpaolo

avatarsenior
sent on May 09, 2019 (17:30) | This comment has been automatically translated (show/hide original)

Excellent photographic documentation from the very interesting caption, congratulations!
A greeting
Paul




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