Guarda, apprezzo Scruton per molte altre cose che ha scritto, ma l'idea che la relazione tra soggetto e fotografia sia esclusivamente causale è una sonora cantonata.
“ The ideal photograph also stands in a certain relation to a subject: a photograph is a photograph of something. But the relation is here causal and not intentional. In other words, if a photograph is a photograph of a subject, it follows that the subject exists, and if x is a photograph of a man, there is a particular man of whom x is the photograph. It also follows, though for different reasons, that the subject is, roughly, as it appears in the photograph. In characterizing the relation between the ideal photograph and its subject, one is characterizing not an intention but a causal process, and while there is, as a rule, an intentional act involved, this is not an essential part of the photographic relation. The ideal photograph also yields an appearance, but the appearance is not interesting as the realization of an intention but rather as a record of how an actual object looked. „